Drivers, teleoperators and field collectors get the task through two or three people. They don't know what's already covered. They tag with a button or a voice memo. Quality control happens after the shift, when the hour is already paid for and the footage is already stored.
Every company we studied runs QA the same way. Record, upload, review, reject. Nobody guides the collector while the data is being made.
Better instructions cut severe labeling errors by a third. More QA barely moves them.
0.03%
Share of daily driving that is a long-tail scenario.
Source: Waymo, WOD-E2E
5M → 2M km
BMW collected 5M km of real driving. 2M km were relevant.
Source: BMW Group D3
4 of 8 hours
Minimum usable footage per shift Tesla demands from Optimus data collectors.
Source: Business Insider
<2%
Quality gain from vendors' internal QA.
Source: Rädsch et al., ECCV 2024 / Nature MI 2023